In-depth articles on metallurgy, materials science, and metal processing — written for engineers and learners alike.
Technical guide to reinforcing steel corrosion in concrete. Covers passive film in alkaline concrete, chloride threshold, carbonation, half-cell potential mapping, and CP for reinforced structures.
Technical guide to intergranular corrosion (IGC) and weld decay in austenitic stainless steels. Covers sensitisation mechanism, testing (ASTM A262), and prevention with L-grades and stabilised alloys.
Technical guide to aluminium die casting and sand casting alloys. Covers A380, A356-T6, A319, silicon eutectic solidification, hot tearing, gas porosity, heat treatment of A356, and automotive casting applications.
Complete guide to zinc die casting. Covers Zamak 3, 5, and 7 alloy composition, hot-chamber die casting process, dimensional accuracy comparison with aluminium HPDC, and applications in automotive and consumer hardware.
Technical guide to nanostructured metals produced by severe plastic deformation. Covers ECAP, HPT, ARB processes, microstructural evolution, Hall-Petch vs inverse Hall-Petch, and applications in medical and aerospace alloys.
Complete technical guide to the iron-carbon (Fe-Fe₃C) phase diagram. Covers all phases, critical lines A1 A3 Acm, eutectoid and eutectic points, lever rule, steel classifications, and heat treatment applications. Includes annotated SVG diagram.
Technical guide to hot rolling of steel. Covers dynamic and static recrystallisation, non-recrystallisation temperature, controlled rolling schedules, accelerated cooling, and HSLA plate properties.
Complete guide to tempering steel. Covers four stages of tempering, secondary hardening in tool steels, temper embrittlement in alloy steels, and tempered martensite embrittlement.
Technical guide to salt bath heat treatment. Covers neutral chloride salts, nitrate-nitrite quench baths, martempering in salt, and health/safety considerations.
Step-by-step failure analysis tutorial using a real failed gear case study. Covers documentation, visual inspection, SEM fractography of pitting and spalling, hardness traverse, case depth verification, and corrective action.