In-depth articles on metallurgy, materials science, and metal processing — written for engineers and learners alike.
Technical guide to hot rolling of steel. Covers dynamic and static recrystallisation, non-recrystallisation temperature, controlled rolling schedules, accelerated cooling, and HSLA plate properties.
Complete guide to tempering steel. Covers four stages of tempering, secondary hardening in tool steels, temper embrittlement in alloy steels, and tempered martensite embrittlement.
Technical guide to salt bath heat treatment. Covers neutral chloride salts, nitrate-nitrite quench baths, martempering in salt, and health/safety considerations.
Step-by-step failure analysis tutorial using a real failed gear case study. Covers documentation, visual inspection, SEM fractography of pitting and spalling, hardness traverse, case depth verification, and corrective action.
Practical tutorial on selecting the correct NDT method for weld inspection. Covers defect type vs detection capability matrix, RT vs UT vs TOFD vs PAUT for volumetric inspection, and MT/PT for surface defects.
Technical guide to electron beam welding (EBW). Covers vacuum environment, beam focusing, keyhole mode, extremely low heat input, weld geometry in titanium and nickel superalloys, and aerospace applications.
Technical guide to high-temperature oxidation. Covers oxide growth kinetics, Pilling-Bedworth ratio, protective vs non-protective scales, and MCrAlY coating systems for turbine alloys.
Complete technical guide to TIG (GTAW) welding metallurgy. Covers arc physics, shielding gas selection, filler metal compatibility, polarity, weld pool behaviour, and quality defects.
Technical guide to SEM in metallurgy. Covers secondary electron imaging, backscattered electrons, EDS compositional analysis, EBSD crystallographic mapping, and specimen preparation.
Comprehensive guide to austenitic stainless steels. Covers 304, 316L, 310S, 317L composition and properties, work hardening, welding, sensitisation prevention, and corrosion resistance.