Knowledge Base
Complete guide to point defects in metals. Covers Schottky vacancies, interstitial and substitutional atoms, equilibrium vacancy concentration, solid solution types, and role of defects in diffusion and strengthening.
Complete guide to dislocations in metals. Covers edge and screw dislocation types, Burgers vector, dislocation density, Taylor equation, strengthening mechanisms, and Frank-Read multiplication sources.
Technical guide to slip systems in BCC, FCC, and HCP metals. Covers slip planes and directions, Schmid factor, critical resolved shear stress (CRSS), Von Mises criterion for polycrystalline ductility, and why FCC metals are most ductile.
Complete guide to Miller indices. Learn to index crystal planes (hkl) and directions [uvw] in cubic and hexagonal metals with step-by-step examples. Essential for XRD, EBSD, and slip system analysis.
Complete guide to BCC, FCC, and HCP crystal structures. Covers atomic packing factor, coordination number, slip systems, ductile-to-brittle transition, and iron’s allotropic transformation — the basis of all steel heat treatment.
Complete guide to CCT (Continuous Cooling Transformation) diagrams. Covers differences from TTT, critical cooling rate, quench media comparison table, HAZ prediction for welding, and how to read a CCT diagram step by step.
Complete guide to TTT (Time-Temperature-Transformation) diagrams. Covers the C-curves, pearlite and bainite noses, Ms/Mf martensite lines, critical cooling rate, austempering, martempering, and how alloying elements shift the curves.
Complete technical guide to the iron-carbon (Fe-Fe₃C) phase diagram. Covers all phases, critical lines A1 A3 Acm, eutectoid and eutectic points, lever rule, steel classifications, and heat treatment applications. Includes annotated SVG diagram.