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Home › Articles › Steel & Ferrous Metallurgy Updated June 2025 · 20 min read · Heat Treatment Cryogenic Treatment of Steel: Process, Effects on Wear Resistance and Tool Life…
Home › Articles › Steel & Ferrous Metallurgy Updated June 2025 · 18 min read · Heat Treatment Austempering vs Martempering: Process Differences, Microstructure and Applications Austempering and martempering are…
Home › Articles › Steel & Ferrous Metallurgy Updated June 2025 · 22 min read · Heat Treatment Induction Hardening: Process, Depth of Hardening and Case Depth Calculation Induction hardening…
Technical guide to arc spraying and wire flame spraying. Covers arc spray process physics, ZnAl alloy wire for marine corrosion protection, mild steel overlay for dimensional restoration, and TSA (thermal-sprayed aluminium) for offshore.
Technical guide to investment casting of nickel superalloys. Covers wax injection, ceramic shell building, directional solidification (DS) and single crystal (SX) casting, grain selector, and common defect types.
Complete guide to metal extrusion. Covers direct and indirect hot extrusion, cold extrusion, billet-on-billet, die design, extrusion ratio, common defects (fir tree, piping), and aluminium profile production.
Complete guide to thermal spray coating processes. Covers HVOF (high-velocity oxy-fuel), atmospheric plasma spray (APS), vacuum plasma spray (VPS), and cold spray — process physics, coating properties, and industrial applications.
Technical guide to deep drawing of sheet metals. Covers limiting draw ratio (LDR), formability testing (FLD, Erichsen), springback in AHSS, blankholder force, lubrication, and tooling materials.
Technical guide to hot rolling of steel. Covers dynamic and static recrystallisation, non-recrystallisation temperature, controlled rolling schedules, accelerated cooling, and HSLA plate properties.
Technical guide to laser powder directed energy deposition (DED) for cladding and repair. Covers dilution control, solidification microstructure, powder alloy selection for corrosion/wear, HAZ effects, and turbine blade tip repair.