In-depth articles on metallurgy, materials science, and metal processing — written for engineers and learners alike.
Free online welding preheat temperature calculator per EN 1011-2 CEN Method B. Enter steel composition, thickness, and hydrogen content to get minimum preheat temperature for cold-crack prevention.
Free online carbon equivalent calculator. Computes CE(IIW) and Pcm from steel composition with weldability classification. Essential tool for welding engineers and fabricators.