In-depth articles on metallurgy, materials science, and metal processing — written for engineers and learners alike.
Free online welding preheat temperature calculator per EN 1011-2 CEN Method B. Enter steel composition, thickness, and hydrogen content to get minimum preheat temperature for cold-crack prevention.
Step-by-step tutorial on calculating minimum preheat temperature for structural steel welding. Uses CEN carbon equivalent and EN 1011-2 Annex C formula with worked examples for S355 and S690.