In-depth articles on metallurgy, materials science, and metal processing — written for engineers and learners alike.
Complete guide to linepipe steels for oil and gas. Covers API 5L PSL1/PSL2 X65/X70 grades, hydrogen-induced cracking (HIC) testing per NACE TM0284, SSC resistance, and microstructural requirements.
Comprehensive guide to hydrogen in steel. Covers absorption sources, lattice diffusion vs trapping, reversible/irreversible traps, HEDE and HELP mechanisms, and practical prevention in welding and electroplating.