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Home › Articles › Steel & Ferrous Metallurgy Steel & Ferrous Metallurgy Updated June 2025 • 14 min read ASTM A36 vs A572 Steel: Mechanical Properties, Uses and Selection Guide…
Technical guide to ultra-high strength steels (UHSS). Covers 4340, 300M (200 ksi), AerMet100 and AF1410 — composition, vacuum melt, heat treatment, fracture toughness, and aerospace/defence applications.
Technical guide to wear-resistant steels. Covers Hadfield austenitic manganese steel, abrasion-resistant plate (AR400/AR450/AR500), chromium white iron, and selection criteria for mining and earth-moving.
Technical guide to electrical steels (silicon-iron). Covers grain-oriented (GO) and non-oriented (NO) grades, Goss texture, core loss mechanisms, and applications in power transformers and electric motors.
Complete guide to linepipe steels for oil and gas. Covers API 5L PSL1/PSL2 X65/X70 grades, hydrogen-induced cracking (HIC) testing per NACE TM0284, SSC resistance, and microstructural requirements.
Complete guide to cementite (Fe₃C) in steel. Covers orthorhombic structure, 6.67%C composition, extreme hardness, role in pearlite and hypereutectoid steels, network cementite embrittlement, and spheroidise annealing.
Complete guide to austenite (γ-iron) in steel. Covers FCC structure, 2.14%C solubility, austenitising temperatures, retained austenite, austenite stability, and the central role of austenite in all steel heat treatments.
Complete guide to ferrite (α-iron) in steel. Covers BCC crystal structure, 0.022%C solubility limit, mechanical properties, proeutectoid ferrite, Hall-Petch strengthening, and role in structural steels.
Comprehensive guide to austenitic stainless steels. Covers 304, 316L, 310S, 317L composition and properties, work hardening, welding, sensitisation prevention, and corrosion resistance.
Technical guide to stainless steel selection and surface finish for food and pharmaceutical processing. Covers Ra requirements, electropolishing, passivation, EHEDG/FDA compliance, and material selection for CIP/SIP systems.