In-depth articles on metallurgy, materials science, and metal processing — written for engineers and learners alike.
Complete technical guide to friction stir welding (FSW). Covers process physics, rotating tool shoulder and pin, material flow zones (TMAZ, HAZ, nugget), defects, and aerospace/automotive applications.
Technical guide to solid-state cladding processes. Covers roll bonding of Al-steel and Cu-steel laminates, explosive welding physics, clad plate testing, and applications in pressure vessel cladding and transition joints.