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In-depth articles on metallurgy, materials science, and metal processing — written for engineers and learners alike.

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Fundamentals

Retained Austenite in Steel — Causes, Measurement and Sub-Zero Treatment

Technical guide to retained austenite in hardened steels. Covers formation mechanism, effect of carbon content on fraction retained, problems in bearings and tool steels, XRD measurement, and sub-zero cryogenic treatment.

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Alloy Design

TRIP and TWIP Advanced High Strength Steels for Automotive

Technical guide to TRIP and TWIP advanced high strength steels (AHSS). Covers microstructure, retained austenite stability, work hardening mechanisms, formability, and automotive structural applications.