Knowledge Base
Technical guide to steels for cryogenic service. Covers 9Ni steel for LNG storage, Invar (36Ni) for precision structures, and austenitic 304L/316L for liquid N₂/O₂ service — properties, fracture toughness, and design.
Guide to cobalt-base alloys for medical implants and aerospace. Covers Co-Cr-Mo (ASTM F75, Vitallium), Stellite wear alloys, and MP35N multiphase alloy — composition, properties, and biocompatibility.
Technical guide to hardfacing overlay alloys. Covers cobalt-base (Stellite), iron-base (Cr carbide), and WC-based hardfacing — composition, hardness, wear mode, application process, and industrial selection.
Complete guide to precipitation hardening of aluminium alloys. Covers T4/T6/T73 tempers, GP zone formation, θ’ in 2024, β’ in 6061, η in 7075, and quench sensitivity effects.
Technical guide to aluminium welding metallurgy. Covers hot cracking susceptibility by alloy series, hydrogen porosity prevention, HAZ softening, filler selection (4043/5356), and MIG/TIG procedures.
Technical guide to cobalt-free cemented carbide hard metals. Covers Co toxicity, WC-Ni and WC-Fe properties vs WC-Co, nickel binder CALPHAD design, and applications in food, medical, and wear parts.
Technical guide to 52100 (100Cr6/SUJ2) bearing steel. Covers carbide network control, austenitising temperature effect on retained austenite, cryogenic treatment, and rolling contact fatigue life.
Complete guide to precipitation-hardening (PH) stainless steels. Covers 17-4 PH and 15-5 PH composition, H900/H1150 heat treatment conditions, mechanical properties, and aerospace/medical applications.
Technical guide to TRIP and TWIP advanced high strength steels (AHSS). Covers microstructure, retained austenite stability, work hardening mechanisms, formability, and automotive structural applications.
Technical guide to duplex stainless steels. Covers austenite-ferrite microstructure, 2205 and 2507 grades, PREN, phase balance control in welding, embrittlement risks, and oil/gas applications.